The research includes the development and analysis of a mathematical model of a micropolar lubricant in a modified sliding bearing design with a composite fluoroplastic coating on the shaft surface and a groove that improves the distribution of lubricant and increases the durability of the system.
Based on the equation of motion of the liquid lubricant under study, the continuity equation and the equation of state, new mathematical models are obtained that additionally take into account such parameter as compressibility.
The novelty of the work lies in the development of a methodology for engineering calculations of the design of a radial sliding bearing with a polymer coating, taking into account the presence of a groove, as well as the dependence of viscosity on pressure and compressibility of the lubricant, allowing to determine the value of the main tribotechnical parameters.
The results of the study provided a decrease in errors in bearing capacity and in the coefficient of friction of the bearing in comparison with traditional designs. As a result, it was possible to achieve an increase in the service life of radial bearings, which is of great importance for their industrial applications.

Today, the creation of cost-effective and durable fluorinated coatings with high adhesive strength to various metal substrates is an urgent task. One of the promising approaches is to create multilayer coatings, where the fluorinated component forms the outer layer, and the inner layer, enriched with a reinforcing component, provides strong adhesion to the metal substrate. The adhesion mechanism in such composite materials is based on the optimization of surface interactions. The standard method for assessing adhesive strength is based on measuring the force required to peel the coating from the substrate when it is bent 180 degrees. Since the composition of the matrix binder is a three-component system, and their sum is 100%, the basis for the development was the use of simplex lattice plans of the composition-property type.

The analysis of the change in the state of the metal counterbody surface in interaction with an antifriction coating based on fabric with PTFE fiber using a heat-resistant matrix binder of cold curing based on phenylone was carried out. The analysis was carried out on the basis of tribological tests on the friction machine II-5018 according to the scheme "shaft-partial liner". To assess the surface condition, an interference microscope - optical profilometer "NewView-600" from ZYGO was used. It is shown that after running-in, the value of the average arithmetic deviation of the profile from the mean line throughout the entire period of operation of the tribosystem retains a value not exceeding Ra ≤ 0.5 μm, which ensures the operability of the tribocoupling.

This article is devoted to a newly developed method for calculating the main parameters of the eccentricity of a journal plain bearing taking into account the minimum film size of the liquid lubricant, as well as the value of the additional angular coordinate that determines the position of the shaft eccentricity relative to the load vector in the working gap of the tribosystem under consideration. Experimental studies that fully confirm the results of the theoretical results were carried out on a standard modernized friction machine model II5018 of the “Amsler” type. Based on the developed calculation method, checked for the accuracy of the results in comparison with the results of the experimental studies, a new algorithm, different from the standard one, was obtained for the refined calculation of the parameters of a plain bearing operating in the hydrodynamic lubrication mode.

The article presents the results of experimental studies of noise and vibration spectra that occur in gear-shaping machines during their industrial operation under various process loads. Depending on the technical parameters specifications of these machines, during the execution of work according to the process regulations, the sources that create increased noise levels are identified, namely the cutter and the workpiece, while the influence of the frame can be ignored. This is confirmed by theoretical conclusions about the patterns of formation of vibroacoustic characteristics of gear-shaping machines. Based on the conducted studies, it was possible to identify the key factors that affect the magnitude of noise and vibration in gear-shaping machines. First of all, these are the design features of the cutter and the workpiece material. Various geometric parameters of the cutter, such as sharpening angle, shape and degree of sharpening, significantly change the pattern of vibration distribution during the cutting process. Moreover, materials with a higher modulus of elasticity and density contribute to an increase in the overall vibration amplitude, which is reflected in the noise spectrum.

A promising power automatic transmission developed by RSTU scientists is considered. The device of this automatic transmission (AT) uses an original, unparalleled gear clutch used as a friction reinforcement link. Due to the absence of discontinuities in the flow of power transmitted using this gear coupling and, as a result, an increase in the gear speed, it was possible to increase the efficiency of the automatic transmission. During long-term operation, the components and parts of this unit wear out. One of the ways to increase their wear resistance is to apply vacuum coatings that protect surfaces from their intense wear. To achieve this task, a high-entropy CuCrMnFeCoNi coating on a 40KHN2MA steel substrate was obtained by magnetron sputtering. The coating has a uniform structure and a tight fit to the substrate. Tribological studies have allowed us to establish a low coefficient of friction m = 0,12, which is significantly lower than the values of the steel substrate. Developed coating will reduce the coefficient of friction and wear of the gear coupling.

Couplings are of great importance for modern engineering. This paper describes the development of a new frictional multi-disc coupling with three amplification stages to replace the imported analog from Voith engineering concern. The first and third stages are multi-disc couplings operating in oil, and the second one is a friction reinforcement unit (FRU) in the form of two disks and rolling elements. This unit has an electromagnetic control that drives it. It has been established in the study that the use of three stages of amplification increases the strength of the connection and reduces wear of the parts. Due to the use of a multistage system, it is possible to use less energy to activate the coupling. Its design with electromagnetic control ensures reliable connection of the units.

Railway transport consumes more than 7 % of the energy generated by power plants in the Russian Federation, which is spent both on train traction and on power supply for non-traction consumers (depots, stations, workshops, and district consumers). Thus, an electrical substation (ES) must ensure reliable power supply for various devices of railway transport and power supply of all consumers of railway transport. In this regard, there is a need for timely detection of faults in the ES operation to ensure uninterruptible power supply, as well as to prevent emergency situations. This paper presents a generalized scheme for monitoring and identifying faults of the electrical substation using a hybrid neural network (HNN). The scheme is presented in IDEF0 notation with a detailed description of the functions performed. The algorithm of data preprocessing for verification of crisp and fuzzy values of selected parameters affecting the ES operation is considered. The authors propose the HNN structure based on the operation of a convolutional neural network that derives signs and templates of parameter values, as well as a recurrent neural network that processes crisp input data. The developed HNN will reduce the time for processing input data, obtain timely assessment of the technical condition of the electrical substation under conditions of heterogeneous data, as well as to take measures aimed at preventing substation failure.

The article considers the issues of determining the consumption of electricity for traction needs for electrified DC railways, as well as the main problems associated with the complexity of direct measurement of electricity consumption for train traction. As a method to solve this problem without the need to install GLONASS devices on an electric rolling stock, a method is proposed that is based on direct measurements of currents and voltages at several points of the traction network. The algorithm for processing these data presented in the article allows us to determine all the initial values necessary for calculating the consumption of electric power for traction.

Effective management of the energy complex of railway transport requires the prompt processing of large amounts of information coming from an automated commercial electricity metering system. Forward-looking estimates provide basic information for decision-making on power consumption planning. The accuracy of forecasts of electricity consumption determines the efficiency of managing the energy complex of railway transport, as well as ensures savings of electric energy and reduction of costs for its purchase, since the rules of operation of energy markets establish the obligation of consumers to accurately plan the volume of electricity consumption. Thus, the relevance of the work lies in improving the accuracy of methods for predicting electric energy consumption using modern information processing technologies, which provide dispatching personnel with the opportunity to select and implement effective algorithms for planning electricity consumption issued by the system, which will significantly improve the quality of power consumption management of electrical installations in railway transport.

The purpose of the study is to develop a methodology for assessing the reliability of data storage systems using RAID arrays based on the mathematical apparatus of fuzzy inference. The methodology allows taking into account various aspects of reliability, including recoverability and redundancy, as well as adapting to data uncertainties, which makes the approach flexible and accurate. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the use of fuzzy inference to assess the reliability of systems with RAID arrays. Unlike classical methods, the pro posed approach allows taking into account uncertainties based on expert knowledge and linguistic variables. The practical significance of the study is determined by the software implementation of the method for assessing the reliability and managing the configuration of systems using RAID systems, which helps to reduce the likelihood of failures and data loss. The main result of the work is the successful implementation of a reliability assessment algorithm using fuzzy logic in the MATLAB environment, demonstrating the possibility of accurately assessing the reliability level and managing the configuration of information systems with RAID arrays, taking into account the uncertainty of parameters and real operating conditions.

This article provides a brief summary of the most interesting reports of the 8th International Scientific Conference “Intelligent Information Technologies in Engineering and Production” (IITI'24), organized by the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education RSTU, JSC “NIIAS” and Harbin Polytechnic University (China) with the support of the Russian Association of Artificial Intelligence, which was held from November 1 to 7, 2024 in China (Shanghai and Harbin). The opening of the IITI’24 conference took place in Shanghai, as part of the CIEP 2024 International Experience Exchange Forum at the invitation of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China, which was attended by over 2,000 scientists from more than 120 countries.
The aim of IITI’24 was to share the best practices in fundamental and applied research in the field of artificial intelligence, information technology and automation, as well as to develop international contacts. Particular attention was paid to advanced intelligent technologies and their use in various fields of industry, including railway transport.

This article presents a traffic monitoring system based on the principles of machine vision. The system is based on simple webcams mounted above the roadbed that capture images of vehicles. Further, using image processing algorithms and machine learning methods, the system determines the number and classification of vehicles on the road. The system includes several key modules: a background subtraction module, a foreground segmentation module, a contour acquisition module, a contour training and classification module, a property allocation module and a clustering module. Each of these modules performs specific functions aimed at ensuring accurate and reliable vehicle detection. The system has been tested on traffic images. The test results confirm the system's ability to adapt to various conditions and scenarios, which is critically important for video surveillance and traffic management systems. The article also discusses the prospects for further development of the system, including the possibility of using more complex neural network architectures and integration with other systems.

The article substantiates organizational and technological solutions for the development of the transport network of the North-Eastern region of industrial development of the Russian Federation. The characteristics of the Verkhne-Lensky TPK are given: oil producing complex, mineral fertilizers production, timber industry complex, etc. The results of design surveys for the formation of the main directions of the railroad line Ust-Kut - Kirensk - Nepa - Verkhnechonsky Central Collection Point (CPS) of oil are given. Bamovsko-Ulkansky, Bamovsko-Kirenchsky and Bamovsko-Makarovsky variants, Tunguska and Kalininsky directions, as well as Yaraktinsky variant are analyzed. It is concluded that the North Siberian Railway as the basis of the Northern Transport Corridor will become the second artery within the Near North after the Trans-Siberian Railway, connecting the Asian and European parts of the country.

The article considers methodological approaches to ensuring reliability and reducing risks in the implementation of transport and logistics supply chains. The article analyzes conceptual approaches to risk assessment and management, risk classification and accounting, and directions for increasing the reliability of transport and logistics chains as multiagent systems. The article considers different approaches to the formalized representation of reliability models of transport and logistics chains, statistical and dynamic aspects of risk management, and investment attraction models for increasing the reliability of transport and logistics chains as well as statistical and dynamic aspects of risk management, and investment attraction models for increasing the reliability of transport and logistics chains, taking into account the economic attractiveness for agents and the focal company in the chain. The article shows the directions for ensuring reliability and reducing risks in the context of stochastic behavior of agents, the possibility of reserving segments of logistics chains and market variability – the presence of a monopoly, oligopoly and a competitive market.

Risk assessment of low-intensity railway lines operation allows identifying and significantly reducing potential difficulties in line operation. The article proposes a risk assessment tool for measures to improve the efficiency of low-intensity lines operation, which includes a mechanism for monitoring line performance indicators. The proposed mechanism for monitoring indicators is based on a set of technical, technological and economic indicators, which are random variables with specified average values and a covariance matrix that takes into account correlations between indicators and seasonal unevenness. A set of options for operating low-intensity railway lines (LIL) has been developed, taking into account changes in indicators for selecting effective directions under specified initial conditions. The article presents the results of modeling the assessment of the probability of alternative options using the Monte Carlo method for the probabilistic distribution of risks and their combined impact on indicators. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of possible options for LIL operation is given when its financial result changes.

The article provides an assessment of the optimal use of the capacity of alternative routes within the “North-South” transport corridor. It presents a flow chart of freight flow distribution, decision-making on infrastructure development and freight flow development for efficient management of transport flows in the “North-South” corridor direction. The main criterion for decision-making is the capacity calculated using the methodology used by “Russian Railways” (JSC RZD), which takes into account additional reserves of capacity. In order to relieve the main direction of the North-South corridor and form a network of alternative routes within the transport corridor to ensure guaranteed transportation in case of force majeure, the possibility of distributing freight traffic along parallel routes, organizing heavyhaul traffic, introducing automatic locomotive signaling (ALSO) with movable block sections, building a double-track insert and a second track is considered. Decisions are made on the need to introduce measures to increase throughput and to organize the passage of all trains along the main direction of the North-South corridor. This methodology assumes the input of initial data. The difficulty lies in the need to consider the throughput of not one route, but a set of several parallel routes when solving this problem.

The article examines the study of passenger transportation with vehicles for personal use by rail. A distinctive feature of such transportation is that vehicles for personal use cannot be loaded into wagons from platforms designed for boarding and disembarking passengers. Loading of such vehicles into railway rolling stock should be carried out at stations equipped with special loading devices and located in the vicinity of highways and the station complex. The creation of suitable conditions for improving the transportation of passengers with vehicles for personal use by rail will entail attracting additional passenger traffic to rail transport. Such transportation will be especially convenient for those passengers who prefer to explore new places and not depend on public transport at a remote distance from their places of permanent residence. The paper presents schemes for loading and unloading wagons through the side and end ramps at passing stations when vehicles for personal use are moving in front.

The issue of increasing the efficiency of using universal flatcars for the transportation of goods using removable multi-turn cargo securing means (MS) is considered. An overview of serial universal flat cars and an analysis of the use of their carrying capacity in the application of MS are provided. A significant underestimation of the permissible operational load on the rack bracket of the universal flat car is noted in comparison with the calculated values, which leads to underutilization of the carrying capacity of flat cars when transporting goods using MS for placing and securing goods. Some research results are used in developing schemes for placing and securing goods for local technical conditions for the placement and securing of timber.

The article considers the development prospects of the Eastern polygon, indicates the need to increase the service life of the equipment of the operated electric locomotives. The statistics of equipment failures of the Ermak series electric locomotives is presented. It is revealed that the greatest number of failures occurs in the traction electric motor, namely, in its collector-brush device due to the occurrence of an electric arc transfer and insulation breakdown. The reasons for their occurrence are considered. It is proposed to equip traction electric motors with additional sensors, namely: a spark alarm, which will allow timely detection of sparking in the collector-brush device and prevent the formation of a circular fire, and temperature sensors, which will allow direct determination of the winding temperature. The article presents the installation locations of these sensors.

In domestic practice, a traditional brake lever transmission (BLT) with one-sided pressing of composite brake shoes on the wheels is used for serial freight cars. It has certain disadvantages. The article notes that recently, work has been carried out on the railway network to improve the transportation process by using innovative freight cars (with an axle load of 25 tf or more and a speed of up to 120 km/h), as well as by introducing so-called long-component trains. In order to ensure traffic safety and standard lengths of braking paths of freight trains with innovative gondola cars, a new layout of the brake lever transmission of a freight car with twosided pressing of brake shoes and one brake cylinder acting on one bogie is proposed, and the values of the lever arms are selected that satisfy the condition of providing the train with braking means. Based on the results of the theoretical and experimental studies, it is clear that the actual braking coefficient of a freight train with innovative cars turned out to be greater than required, therefore, the train is provided with braking means.

The article presents an assessment of the influence of parameters characterizing the macro-roughness on the surface of the brake disc on the distribution of contacting forces in the system "poly-clamping mechanism – brake pad – brake disc" and the developing brake disc. The angles of inclination of the real surface profile in the tangential and radial directions were chosen as the main parameters characterizing the macro-roughness on the working surfaces of the brake disc. Dependences were obtained for calculating the position of the center of pressure in the tangential and radial directions in the "poly-clamping mechanism – brake pad – brake disc" system, taking into account the angles of the profile inclination in two directions. To assess the effect of the inclination angles on the distribution of forces over the area of the contact surfaces of the brake, solid models of braking devices with simulated real profiles of the working surfaces of the disc were built. Disk surfaces with cyclic macroroughness and with one area were used as modeling objects. When the working pairs of the braking device interacted with one macro-roughness on the surface, an inversion of the distributed contacting forces occurred, in comparison with the disk on the surface of which there were cyclic macroroughnesses.

This article analyzes and compares the existing system of scheduled preventive maintenance of passenger rolling stock with a promising predictive model for monitoring the condition of critical components in real time to identify the emergence of unstable operation of its elements. Economic reality dictates the need to find solutions to reduce the costs for maintaining the rolling stock of cars in technically sound condition. The proposed phased transition in the system of maintenance of passenger cars based on the actual technical condition allows reducing labor costs, material support costs for carrying out maintenance and repair of cars by eliminating defects of each controlled unit, as well as reducing the level of damage to diagnosed units and increasing the economic component in the process of their operation.