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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vrgup</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Ростовского государственного университета путей сообщения</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vestnik Rostovskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Putej Soobshcheniya</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0201-727X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Ростовский государственный университет путей сообщения</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.46973/0201-727X_2025_3_231</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vrgup-266</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние старения на триботехнические характеристики двухслойного композита «морозостойкая резина – сверхвысокомолекулярный полиэтилен»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of aging on tribotechnical characteristics of a twolayer frost-resistant rubber – ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene composite</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкалей</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkalei</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шкалей Иван Владимирович, лаборатория трибологии, аспирант, младший научный сотрудник</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shkalei Ivan Vladimirovich, Laboratory of Tribology, Postgraduate Student, Junior Researcher</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ioann_shiva@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт проблем механики им. А.Ю. Ишлинского РАН (ИПМех РАН)</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ishlinsky Institute for Problems in Mechanics RAS (IPMech RAS)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>231</fpage><lpage>238</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шкалей И.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шкалей И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shkalei I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.rgups.ru/jour/article/view/266">https://vestnik.rgups.ru/jour/article/view/266</self-uri><abstract><p>В суровых условиях Крайнего Севера влияние старения полимеров на их свойства актуально ввиду длительного воздействия различных факторов окружающей среды, приводящих к деструкции полимеров. В работе проведены испытания на трение и износ по схеме, имитирующей узел уплотнения двухслойного композита «резина – сверхвысокомолекулярный полиэтилен» при различных нагрузках, скоростях скольжения и температурах. Оценено влияние климатического и термического старения на фрикционные свойства и износостойкость двухслойного композита. Получено, что коэффициент трения зависит от скорости скольжения, нагрузки и внешней температуры. Старение материала приводит к снижению коэффициента трения. Износостойкость материала увеличивается на 25 % на втором месяце старения и не изменяется за последующие четыре. При ускоренных испытаниях на старение износ снижается на 15 %. Можно сделать вывод о возможности использования материала в узлах трения в течение срока, ограниченного шестью месяцами климатического старения, а в сопряжениях, защищенных от солнечного излучения, может использоваться без ограничений по времени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the severe conditions of the Far North, the effect of polymers aging on their properties is important due to the long-term impact of various environmental factors leading to polymer degradation. In this work, friction and wear tests were carried out using a scheme simulating a sealing unit, a two-layer composite “rubber - ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene” under various loads, sliding speeds and temperatures. The effect of climatic and thermal aging on the frictional properties and wear resistance of the two-layer composite was estimated. It was found that the friction coefficient depends on the sliding speed, load and external temperature. Aging of the material leads to a decrease in the friction coefficient. The wear resistance of the material increases by 25 % in the second month of aging and does not change over the next four. With accelerated aging tests, wear decreases by 15 %. It can be concluded that the material can be used in friction units for a period limited to six months of climatic aging, and in friction units protected from solar radiation, it can be used without time restrictions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>резина</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd><kwd>бутадиен-нитрильный каучук</kwd><kwd>покрытие</kwd><kwd>сверхвысокомолекулярный полиэтилен</kwd><kwd>полимерный композит</kwd><kwd>трение</kwd><kwd>износ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>rubber</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd><kwd>nitrile-butadiene rubber</kwd><kwd>coating</kwd><kwd>ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene</kwd><kwd>polymer composite</kwd><kwd>friction</kwd><kwd>wear.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 23-19-00484).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Optimizing the tribological performance of DLCcoated NBR rubber: The role of hydrogen in films / C. 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